SCTIMST DSpace
Digital repository of Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology(SCTIMST), Trivandrum.
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- Academic Presentations by various Departments and Divisions
Recent Submissions
Cadmium selenium quantum dot based nanosensor with femto molar level sensitivity for the detection of the pesticide endosulfan
(Journal of Polymer Science and Engineering., 2024-01) Nair, LV; Nair. RV; Jayasree, RS
Endosulfan (6,7,8,9,10,10-Hexachloro-1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9-methano-2,4,3-benzodioxathiepine-3-oxide) is an off-patent insecticide used in agricultural farms. Its usage as a pesticide has become highly controversial during the last decades. This is due to its reported hazardous nature to the health and side effects like growth retardation, hydrocephalus, and undesired changes in the male and female hormones leading to complications in sexual maturity. Endosulfan is the main culprit among all pesticide poisoning incidents around the world. Though the usage of this dreaded pesticide is banned by most countries, the high stability of this molecule to withstand degradation for a long period poses a threat to mankind even today. So, it has become highly essential to detect the presence of this poisonous pesticide in the drinking water and milk around these places. It is also advisable to check the presence of this toxic material in the blood of the population living in and around these places so that an early and appropriate management strategy can be adopted. With this aim, we have developed a sensor for endosulfan that displayed high selectivity and sensitivity among all other common analytes in water and biological samples, with a wide linear concentration range (2 fM to 2 mM), a low detection limit (2 fM), and rapid response. A citrate functionalized cadmium selenium quantum dot was used for this purpose, which showed a concentration-dependent fluorescence enhancement, enabling easy and sensitive sensing. This sensor was utilized to detect endosulfan in different sources of water, human blood serum and milk samples with good recoveries. It is also noted that the quantum dot forms a stable complex with endosulfan and is easy to separate it from the contaminated source, paving a solution for purifying the contaminated water. More detailed tests and validation of the sensor is needed to confirm these observations.
Data Science for Public Health: Journey of a PhD Scholar
(SCTIMST, 2024-04-20) Arun Mitra, Peddireddy
Overview: Data Science has opened new avenues for addressing complex public health problems and demonstrated that it can drive significant improvements in health services and policy-making. This presentation outlines my journey as a PhD scholar at the Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies (AMCHSS) and my transition from public health to data science. The presentation will showcase some of the key projects including (a) AMCHSS COVID-19 Dashboard, (b) ICMR National COVID-19 Testing Database Project, (c) Trends in Caesarean Sections, (d) Disease Classification using Retinal Images, (e) Access to Stroke Facilities in India, and (f) Capacity Building in Public Health Data Science. The presentation will end with a brief overview of my PhD thesis on improving Maternal and Child Health services in tribal communities, illustrating both the challenges faced and learnings about the potential of data science to transform public health landscapes, particularly among Funderserved communities.
Migration and Health: A public health priority
(SCTIMST, 2024-04-20) Tijo, George
Overview: Migration and health are now recognised as a global public health priority. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) identify migration's pivotal role in achieving their promise of ‘to leave no one behind’. Internal migration is far more than international migration; in a country like India, sometimes the distance and cultures they transit may be more than international migration elsewhere. Thanks to COVID-19, we know how complex the migration nexus is in India. Additionally, India has a shortage of data addressing migration and health. So, during my PhD journey, I have been exploring the migration and health data in the Census and other large-scale surveys like the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) and the Longitudinal Ageing Survey in India (LASI). This presentation will take you through a few papers published and work in progress regarding migration, particularly migration and health.
Utility of interphase fluorescent in situ hybridization for diagnosis of brain tumors
(SCTIMST, 2024-04-06) Deepti, AN
Brain tumours are classified as per the 5th edition of the WHO classification of tumours of the central nervous system. This latest edition of CNS tumors incorporates molecular features along with the conventional histology leading to “histomolecular” classification.
Interphase Fluorescent in situ hybridization (iFISH) is a useful ancillary technique to the pathologist. It is useful to identify gene deletions, amplifications and rearrangements. Fluorescent-tagged FISH probes are hybridized to formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections on glass slides and the nuclei are observed under a fluorescent microscope. iFISH is particularly useful in a resource constrained setting where more advanced aids such as methylation profiling and targeted panels are not readily available.
The iFISH technique performed in the pathology department will be discussed and the utility of iFISH in neuro-oncology diagnostics will be illustrated through a case-based discussion.
Epilepsy-associated lesions: Surgical Pathology
(SCTIMST, 2024-04-06) Rajalakshmi, P
Epilepsy is a complex disease and is caused by a variety of lesions that fall under various aetiologies such as malformative, genetic, infectious, metabolic, immune-mediated and neoplastic aetiologies. Patients’ evaluation and management require an interdisciplinary approach with the involvement of clinical assessment, electrophysiology, imaging and pathology. Definitive surgeries are offered to patients with poor response to anti-seizure medications and to those with a focal lesion.
As Pathologists, we receive tissue samples from surgical resections of the epileptogenic focus. The most common lesions that are diagnosed histopathologically are hippocampal sclerosis, focal cortical dysplasias and neoplasms. This talk will give an overview of the various lesions that a neuropathologist encounters in the surgical samples of epilepsy-related disorders. How the samples are processed and assessed will be illustrated.