SCTIMST DSpace

Digital repository of Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology(SCTIMST), Trivandrum.

This repository is for SCTIMST's research, including project reports, theses, publications and more...

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Gross and histopathology of tissue - material interface in biocompatibility evaluation of biomaterials and medical devices- Part-I
(SCTIMST, 2024-03-16) Sabareeswaran, A
Safety evaluation is a critical component in medical device development. Biological evaluation should be carried out to identify the biological risk of biomaterials intended for medical devices after physicochemical characterization. Biocompatibility evaluation is a comprehensive terminology that broadly comprises in-vitro and in-vivo biological evaluations such as cytotoxicity tests, blood-material interactions, toxicological evaluation, etc. Testing for local effects after implantation is a major indicator for any candidate biomaterial safety, which is carried out in an appropriate animal model. The test sample is implanted into a site and animal species appropriate for the evaluation of the biological safety of the material. At the histopathology laboratory, we have tested metal, polymer, ceramic and composite biomaterials over the years as short and long-term implantation studies in rat and rabbit animal models. Gross and Histology images of compatible and non-biocompatible tissue response from intramuscular, subcutaneous and bone implantation in rabbit model and their relevance will be presented. The temporal variations of tissues responses and stages of foreign body reaction will be discussed. Specimen preparations, both soft and hard tissues starting from grossing, tissue processing, embedding, microtomy will be discussed. Gross and Histopathology evaluation of Chitra-TTK mechanical heart valve evaluated in-house in ovine(Sheep) and swine(Pig) model will be presented.
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Sleep Research Perspectives
(SCTIMST, 2024-03-16) Kamalesh K, Gulia
Sleep is an indispensable component of our life. However, it is becoming a growing challenge to get good sleep in the current changing lifestyle, which is loaded with artificial light and several other factors. In the Division of Sleep Research, both basic and applied research are carried out to understand the mechanism and effects of restriction of different components of sleep on cognition and overall health in different age groups. The elegant data on sleep restriction during pregnancy on the neurocognitive development of offspring will be described. This facility, which started in 2009, is one of the unique, highly specialized, state-of-the-art sleep research facilities in the BMT wing. Sleep studies are conducted to explore non-pharmacological interventions to improve sleep quality based on electrophysiological parameters. The findings of pre-clinical research translating into applied research will be reflected through the current ongoing projects with an insight on future trends.
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Evolution of Deep Brain Stimulation: Expanding Applications, Precision, and Cost-Effectiveness
(SCTIMST, 2024-02-17) Asish, Vijayaraghavan
Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is currently the standard of care for patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease with motor complications and selected forms of generalised dystonias and medically refractory essential tremors. The therapeutic power of neuromodulation comes from targeting and modulating a specific network. The majority of implanted neuromodulation devices currently operate in an “open-loop” mode of operation, providing a train of impulses to a particular anatomic target continuously or on a fixed duty cycle. DBS has continued to evolve with several advancements and ongoing research. Newer developments include “closed-loop systems” that adapt stimulation in real-time and “Directional stimulation” that allows for more precise targeting of specific brain regions while minimizing stimulation of surrounding areas. Implementing DBS encounters obstacles in developing nations. The Comprehensive Care Centre for Movement Disorders at Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology is at the forefront of exploring cutting-edge developments in DBS technology. Additionally, we are expanding our scope by offering DBS treatments for conditions beyond Parkinson's disease like generalised dystonia, and Tourette syndrome. We also collaborate closely with the Biomedical Technology Wing to develop indigenous hardware aimed at enhancing cost-effectiveness in DBS procedures.
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Case Report of a child with Transposition of Great Arteries(TGA) with regressed Left Ventricle (LV) who underwent Arterial Switch Operation(ASO)
(SCTIMST, 2024-03-02) Anjusha, M
TGA with regressed LV is a challenging situation for a congenital heart surgery ICU team. Expertise nursing care forms an integral part in the patient outcome. The child underwent Arterial Switch Operation under ECMO standby and had gone through several challenges in the postoperative period and was successfully discharged to home. Knowledge, skill, commitment and teamwork make the congenital heart surgery a success thereby saving small hearts.
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Assessment of diabetes-related distress among patients with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus attending cardiology units of a tertiary level hospital- A cross-sectional study.
(SCTIMST, 2024-03-02) Suja Raj, L
A person living with diabetes requires significant lifestyle changes to achieve their glycemic targets and avoid its complications. These demands can be frustrating and overwhelming, which affects the physical, psychological, and social aspects of everyday life, known as "Diabetes distress." A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 Type 2 DM patients to estimate the prevalence of diabetes-related distress (DRD) and determine the associated socio-demographic and disease-related factors. Data was collected using the standardized tool- Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS-17). The details of the study and results will be presented