SCTIMST DSpace

Digital repository of Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology(SCTIMST), Trivandrum.

This repository is for SCTIMST's research, including project reports, theses, publications and more...

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Evolution of Deep Brain Stimulation: Expanding Applications, Precision, and Cost-Effectiveness
(SCTIMST, 2024-02-17) Asish, Vijayaraghavan
Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is currently the standard of care for patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease with motor complications and selected forms of generalised dystonias and medically refractory essential tremors. The therapeutic power of neuromodulation comes from targeting and modulating a specific network. The majority of implanted neuromodulation devices currently operate in an “open-loop” mode of operation, providing a train of impulses to a particular anatomic target continuously or on a fixed duty cycle. DBS has continued to evolve with several advancements and ongoing research. Newer developments include “closed-loop systems” that adapt stimulation in real-time and “Directional stimulation” that allows for more precise targeting of specific brain regions while minimizing stimulation of surrounding areas. Implementing DBS encounters obstacles in developing nations. The Comprehensive Care Centre for Movement Disorders at Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology is at the forefront of exploring cutting-edge developments in DBS technology. Additionally, we are expanding our scope by offering DBS treatments for conditions beyond Parkinson's disease like generalised dystonia, and Tourette syndrome. We also collaborate closely with the Biomedical Technology Wing to develop indigenous hardware aimed at enhancing cost-effectiveness in DBS procedures.
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Case Report of a child with Transposition of Great Arteries(TGA) with regressed Left Ventricle (LV) who underwent Arterial Switch Operation(ASO)
(SCTIMST, 2024-03-02) Anjusha, M
TGA with regressed LV is a challenging situation for a congenital heart surgery ICU team. Expertise nursing care forms an integral part in the patient outcome. The child underwent Arterial Switch Operation under ECMO standby and had gone through several challenges in the postoperative period and was successfully discharged to home. Knowledge, skill, commitment and teamwork make the congenital heart surgery a success thereby saving small hearts.
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Assessment of diabetes-related distress among patients with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus attending cardiology units of a tertiary level hospital- A cross-sectional study.
(SCTIMST, 2024-03-02) Suja Raj, L
A person living with diabetes requires significant lifestyle changes to achieve their glycemic targets and avoid its complications. These demands can be frustrating and overwhelming, which affects the physical, psychological, and social aspects of everyday life, known as "Diabetes distress." A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 Type 2 DM patients to estimate the prevalence of diabetes-related distress (DRD) and determine the associated socio-demographic and disease-related factors. Data was collected using the standardized tool- Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS-17). The details of the study and results will be presented
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Development of a 3D multifunctional collagen scaffold impregnated with peptide LL-37 for vascularised bone tissue regeneration
(Int J Pharm., 2024-01) Megha, KB; Syama, S; Sangeetha, VP; Vandana, U; Oyane, A; Mohanan, PV
Bone is a highly dynamic connective tissue that provides structural support, locomotion and acts as a shield for many vital organs from damage. Bone inherits the ability to heal after non-severe injury. In case of severe bone abnormalities due to trauma, infections, genetic disorders and tumors, there is a demand for a scaffold that can enhance bone formation and regenerate the lost bone tissue. In this study, a 3D collagen scaffold (CS) was functionalized and assessed under in vitro and in vivo conditions. For this, a collagen scaffold coated with hydroxyapatite (Ap-CS) was developed and loaded with a peptide LL-37. The physico-chemical characterisation confirmed the hydroxyapatite coating on the outer and inner surfaces of Ap-CS. In vitro studies confirmed that LL-37 loaded Ap-CS promotes osteogenic differentiation of human osteosarcoma cells without showing significant cytotoxicity. The efficacy of the LL-37 loaded Ap-CS for bone regeneration was evaluated at 4 and 12 weeks post-implantation by histopathological and micro-CT analysis in rabbit femur defect model. The implanted LL-37 loaded Ap-CS facilitated the new bone formation at 4 weeks compared with Ap-CS without LL-37. The LL-37 loaded Ap-CS incorporating apatite and peptide LL-37 would be useful as a multifunctional scaffold for bone tissue engineering.
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Significance of Melatonin in the Regulation of Circadian Rhythms and Disease Management
(Mol Neurobiol., 2024-01) Megha, KB; Arathi, A; Shikha, S; Alka, R; Ramya, P; Mohanan, PV
Melatonin, the ‘hormone of darkness’ is a neuronal hormone secreted by the pineal gland and other extra pineal sites. Responsible for the circadian rhythm and seasonal behaviour of vertebrates and mammals, melatonin is responsible for regulating various physiological conditions and the maintenance of sleep, body weight and the neuronal activities of the ocular sites. With its unique amphiphilic structure, melatonin can cross the cellular barriers and elucidate its activities in the subcellular components, including mitochondria. Melatonin is a potential scavenger of oxygen and nitrogen-reactive species and can directly obliterate the ROS and RNS by a receptor-independent mechanism. It can also regulate the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in various pathological conditions and exhibit therapeutic activities against neurodegenerative, psychiatric disorders and cancer. Melatonin is also found to show its effects on major organs, particularly the brain, liver and heart, and also imparts a role in the modulation of the immune system. Thus, melatonin is a multifaceted candidate with immense therapeutic potential and is still considered an effective supplement on various therapies. This is primarily due to rectification of aberrant circadian rhythm by improvement of sleep quality associated with risk development of neurodegenerative, cognitive, cardiovascular and other metabolic disorders, thereby enhancing the quality of life.