Lekshmi, NGeetha, CSMohanan, PV2017-03-102017-03-10201244 ,6;726-73110.4103/0253-7613.103269https://dspace.sctimst.ac.in/handle/123456789/9561Aim: To detect the interleukin -1 levels from single and pooled isolated human lymphocytes in response to lipolysaccharide and lipoteichoic acid. Materials and Methods: Blood collected from healthy individuals (O ve, A ve, B ve, and AB ve) were subjected to gradient centrifugation to isolate lymphocytes. Different lymphocyte concentrations were used for in vitro pyrogen assay. Lymphocytes isolated were challenged with 5 EU of Gram negative (LPS) and 1 g/l of Gram positive (LTA) pyrogens in vitro and the inflammatory cytokine, Interleukin 1 (IL-1) release was measured by Sandwich ELISA method. Results: The results indicated that the release of IL-1 increases immediately after the initiation of incubation and reaches a maximum at 4 to 6 (th) hour and then stabilizes for both the pyrogens. Furthermore, IL-1 release by 5 EU of LPS and 1 g/l of LTA is dependent on lymphocytes concentration. It was also observed that the difference in blood group did not interfere with the IL-1 release. Conclusion: The isolated lymphocyte system can be used as an alternative to the in vivo rabbit pyrogen assay.Pharmacology & Pharmacy