Browsing by Author "Ansar, EB"

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    Attenuation of Cisplatin Induced Toxicity by Melatonin, Loaded on a Dextran Modified Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: An In Vitro Study
    (J Forensic Toxicol Pharmacol, 2015-06) Shyma, MS; Ansar, EB; Gayathri, V; Varma, HK; Mohanan, PV
    Conjugation drug therapy of melatonin has emerged as a promising modality for reducing cisplatin (cis-diammine di chloro platinum (II) or cis-DDP or CDDP) induced toxicity. The objective of the present study is to determine the attenuation of cisplatin induced toxicity by Melatonin loaded on a Dextran modified Iron Oxide nanoparticles (DIO-M). The DIO-M was developed, characterized and analyzed. Loading of melatonin was confirmed by Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Particle size analysis was carried out using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Transmission Electron Microcope (TEM) techniques. Phase purity of crystals was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and the magnetic property of particle material was characterized by Vibrational sample magnetometry (VSM). Cytotoxicity studies using by MTT assay in L929 cell lines confirmed the melatonin nanoparticles to be nontoxic. The protective effect of DIO-M against cisplatin induced toxicity was confirmed by antioxidant parameters such as reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase. Free radical mediated cell damage was quantitatively determined by the measurement of malondialdehyde level. It was found that the inhibitory effect of malondialdehyde levels by DIO-M could be attributed to the increased activities of antioxidant enzymes (p<0.005). Splenocyte proliferation demonstrated that DIO-M has the ability to influence the spleen cells. Splenocytes when treated with cisplantin and DIO-M was able to overcome the antiproliferative property of cisplatin. Hence, these findings contribute with important insight that DIO-M can be useful for management of toxicity induced by anti-cancer drug cisplatin.
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    Effect of surface-modified superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONS) on mast cell infiltration: An acute in vivo study
    (Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine., 2016-07) Sabareeswaran, A; Ansar, EB; Varma, PR; Mohanan, PV; Kumary, TV
    Extensive use of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONS) in theranostics prompted us to investigate the acute changes in cell morphology and function following intravenous administration of surface-modified SPIONS in a rat model. Dextran-coated (DEX) and polyethylene glycol-coated (PEG) SPIONS were synthesized and characterized, and cytocompatibility was evaluated in vitro. Haematological, histopathological, ultrastructural and oxidative stress analyses were carried out 24 h post intravenous administration in vivo. In test groups, SGPT and SGOT enzymes were significantly altered when compared to saline-only controls. Anti-oxidant imbalance and lipid peroxidation were observed in all major organs. Histology revealed iron-laden Kupffer cells and macrophages in liver and lung respectively. Iron overload was observed in the convoluted tubules of the kidney. Mast cell infiltration and distribution were observed differentially in test groups. Although surface modification of SPIONS improved biocompatibility in vitro, they affected anti-oxidant and tissue nitrite levels, which greatly influenced mast cell infiltration in vivo.
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    Magnetic hyperthermia studies on water-soluble polyacrylic acid-coated cobalt ferrite nanoparticles
    (J Nanopart Res., 2015-02) Surendra, MK; Annapoorani, S; Ansar, EB; Varma, PRH; Rao, MSR
    We report on synthesis and hyperthermia studies in the water-soluble ferrofluid made of polyacrylic acid-coated cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) nanoparticles with different particle sizes. Magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized using co-precipitation method and particle size was varied as 6, 10, and 14 nm by varying the precursor to surfactant concentration. PAA surfactant bonding and surfactant thickness were studied by FTIR and thermogravimetric analysis. At room temperature, nanoparticles show superparamagnetism and saturation magnetization was found to vary from 33 to 44 emu/g with increase in the particle size from 6 to 14 nm, and this increase was attributed to the presence of a magnetic inert layer of 4 Å thick. Effect of particle size, concentration, and alternating magnetic field strength at 275 kHz on specific absorption rate were studied by preparing ferrofluids in deionized water at different concentrations. Ferrofluids at a concentration of 1.25 g/L, with 10 min of AMF exposure of strength ~15.7 kA/m show stable temperatures ~48, 58, and 68 °C with increase in the particle sizes 6, 10, and 14 nm. A maximum specific absorption rate of 251 W/g for ferrofluid with a particle size of 10 nm at 1.25 g/L, 15.7 kA/m, and 275 kHz was observed. Viability of L929 fibroblasts is measured by MTT assay cytotoxicity studies using the polyacrylic acid-coated CoFe2O4 nanoparticles.
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    Synthesis and Characterization of Iron Oxide Embedded Hydroxyapatite Bioceramics
    (JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2012) Ansar, EB; Ajeesh, M; Yokogawa, Y; Wunderlich, W; Varma, H
    A homogeneous dispersion of nano iron oxide (IO) crystallites inside the hydroxyapatite (HA) particles was achieved by a co-precipitation method. This highly stable colloidal dispersion of magnetic nano composite (HAIO) was made without the use of any surfactants. The in situ generated dispersion of the composite powders showed submicron HA particles with 5 nm iron oxide inside. The phase analysis results showed the presence of hydroxyapatite (HA) and iron oxide with no tertiary phase. The enhancement of relative peak intensities with increased percentage of iron oxide phase in X-ray diffraction analysis suggests the formation of iron oxide together with HA without affecting the phase purity of the latter, which is important when the biological behavior of HA is concerned. This also confirms the quantitative nature of the precipitated nanocomposites. The High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM) of the composite shows elongated crystal flakes or platelike surfaces of HA crystallites having particle sizes in the range 70-100 nm. HRTEM with XRD analysis matches HAIO only with iron oxide particles of Magnetite (Fe3O4) and HA phases. The FTIR data confirm that the introduction of iron oxide did not produce any considerable change in the chemical structure of HA.