Browsing by Author "Gupta, M"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    A novel association of ocular neuromyotonia with brainstem demyelination: Two case reports
    (MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL, 2014) Menon, D; Sreedharan, SE; Gupta, M; Nair, MD
    Ocular neuromyotonia (ONM) is a rare disorder of ocular mal-alignment in which painless, transient spontaneous or gaze-induced abnormal deviation of the eye manifests as episodic diplopia. With only a few cases reported in the literature, ONM mostly follows months to years after cranial irradiation for sellar or suprasellar lesions. Here we present two patients with this rare ocular condition, secondary to brainstem demyelination, the association of which is hitherto unreported in the literature. Both patients were 15-year-old girls who presented to us with episodic forced-eye deviation with diplopia. Examination during these attacks revealed ONM involving the superior rectus and medial rectus in the first and second patient, respectively. There was clinical evidence of intrinsic brainstem involvement with downbeat nystagmus and skew deviation in one patient without any other cerebellar or long tract signs. MRI showed evidence of demyelination involving the brainstem in both, with CSF showing positive immunological markers and with positive aquaporin-4 antibody in one patient. Both patients responded remarkably to immunomodulatory therapy and are asymptomatic at follow-up. That ONM can occur with brainstem demyelination has not been reported in the literature. This association may help in explaining the pathophysiology of ONM as secondary to segmental demyelination.
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    Brain Tumor Segmentation by Integrating Symmetric Property with Region Growing Approach
    (2015 ANNUAL IEEE INDIA CONFERENCE (INDICON), 2015) Gupta, M; Gayatri, KS; Harika, K; Rao, BVVSNP; Rajagopalan, V; Das, A; Kesavadas, C
    Brain tumor segmentation is an important procedure for early diagnosis of brain tumor and planning of its treatment. However it is still a difficult task due to variations in size, shape and location of tumor. In this paper, we propose a novel brain tumor segmentation method using T2-weighted brain MR images by integrating symmetry property of brain with region growing approach. Bilateral symmetry property of brain is used in our method to identify various regions having probability of presence of the tumor. Identification of exact tumor location and its segmentation is then performed by using region growing technique. Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of proposed approach was performed and promising results have been demonstrated when compared with ground truth and other state of art method. The segmented tumor region obtained in our work can assist the doctors and radiologist in the diagnosis of brain tumor and treatment planning.
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    Volumetric Segmentation of Brain Tumor Based on Intensity Features of Multimodality Magnetic Resonance Imaging
    (2015 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER, COMMUNICATION AND CONTROL (IC4), 2015) Gupta, M; Rao, BVVSNP; Rajagopalan, V; Das, A; Kesavadas, C
    Brain tumor segmentation is a very difficult task due to vast diversity in appearance of tumor tissues among different patients and huge variations in their size and shape. In this paper, we proposed an approach which focuses on volumetric segmentation of brain tumor in three dimensions using multiple modalities of MRI brain volume including T1-weighted, T2-weighted and T1-contrast enhanced data set. Since these modalities have different contrasts for same tissue type we combined them to develop a robust segmentation approach. Qualitative and quantitative assessment of our segmentation algorithm was performed which demonstrates that proposed algorithm performs well in comparison with ground truth and other state of art methods. Proposed work provides 3D visualization of segmented tumor volume which can assist the doctors and radiologist in the diagnosis of brain tumor, as it gives information about tumor location and its features.