Browsing by Author "Santhosh, K."

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    Fluid-fluid levels in cystic lumbosacral schwannomas: a report of three cases
    (SINGAPORE MEDICAL JOURNAL, 2009)
    Magnetic resonance imaging features of three benign cystic lumbosacral schwannomas, which showed multiple fluid-fluid levels, are described. One of the tumours showed bone destruction with fluid-fluid levels that closely mimicked an aneurysmal bone cyst. Pathological examination confirmed haemorrhage as the cause of fluid-fluid levels in the tumours. Though a rare finding, fluid-fluid levels with bone destruction can also be caused by nerve sheath tumours and hence must be included in the list of differential diagnoses of spinal tumours.
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    Multifocal desmoplastic noninfantile astrocytoma
    (JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY, 2008)
    This is a report of a case of multifocal desmoplastic astrocytoma in an 11-year-old child in which we describe the MRI findings and discuss the possible mechanism of its development. The MRI appearances in our case support the view that the tumor is primarily of teptomeningeal or superficial cortical origin, with cystic formation secondary to entrapment of cerebrospinal fluid. The question of whether or not the lesions are metastases or metachronous lesions is also discussed. Desmoplastic astrocytoma at a noninfantile age is extremely rare: only four cases have been reported in the literature so far. Even more unusual is the presence of this lesion in multiple locations at the initial presentation. (C) 2008 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
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    Primary diffuse leptomeningeal gliomatosis
    (JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY, 2009)
    A 20-year-old woman with a history of seizures presented symptoms of walking difficulties for the past six months. Clinical examination was suggestive of a craniovertebral junction anomaly. A cerebrospinal fluid study showed mild protein elevation with no evidence of an infective pathology. Craniospinal MRI revealed diffuse nodular leptomeningeal enhancement of the brain and spinal cord. Histopathological examination was suggestive of a low-grade glioma, and the patient was diagnosed with primary diffuse leptomeningeal gliomatosis. So far, the patient has survived for more than 110 months without aggressive therapy. (C) 2008 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
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    Rhabdoid and papillary meningioma with leptomeningeal dissemination
    (JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY, 2008)
    Rhabdoid meningioma is a rare variant of meningioma classified as grade III under the new World Health Organization (WHO) classification of brain tumors. Although this tumor is known for its aggressive behavior, dissemination into cerebral. spinal fluid (CSF) is extremely rare. We report here a case of rhabdoid meningioma in a young man, operated on twice previously, who presented with multiple CSF areas of seeding in the brain and spinal cord. The imaging findings for this tumor, including diffusion and perfusion MR sequences, are highlighted. This particular histological subtype of meningioma has a poor prognosis and must be treated aggressively. (C) 2008 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
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    Susceptibility weighted imaging: a new tool in magnetic resonance imaging of stroke
    (CLINICAL RADIOLOGY, 2009)
    Susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) is a magnetic resonance (MR) technique that is exquisitely sensitive to paramagnetic substances, such as deoxygenated blood, blood products, iron, and calcium. This sequence allows detection of haemorrhage as early as 6 h and can reliably detect acute intracerebral parenchymal, as well as subarachnoid haemorrhage. It detects early haemorrhagic transformation within an infarct and provides insight into the cerebral haemodynamics following stroke. It helps in the diagnosis of cerebral venous thrombosis. It also has applications in the work-up of stroke patients. The sequence helps in detecting microbleeds in various conditions, such as vasculitis, cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy, subacute infarcts and leucoencephalopathy (CADASIL), amyloid angiopathy, and Binswanger's disease. The sequence also aids in the diagnosis of vascular malformations and perinatal cerebrovascular injuries. This review briefly illustrates the utility of this MR technique in various aspects of stroke diagnosis and management. (C) 2008 The Royal College of Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Usefulness of T2*-weighted MR sequence for the diagnosis of subfrontal schwannoma
    (JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY, 2007)
    Subfrontal schwannomas are rare tumors that are usually diagnosed during surgery. They are often misdiagnosed as meningioma or esthesioneuroblastoma because of their similar clinical and radiological features. We report a case of schwannoma arising from the floor of the anterior cranial fossa that had radiological features similar to that of meningioma. However, T2*-weighted MR imaging revealed multiple foci of Low signal intensities within the tumor related to microbleeds, which suggested a diagnosis of schwannoma that was confirmed by histopathology. This case report demonstrates the usefulness of T2*-weighted sequence in distinguishing meningioma from schwannoma, especially in cases where the tumor has an unusual location. (C) 2007 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.