Browsing by Author "Sreejith, R"

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    Evaluation of Toxicity of Maura Reduced Graphene Oxide using In vitro Systems
    (J Nanomed Nanotechnol., 2014) Cherian, RS; Sreejith, R; Syama, S; Sruthi, S; Gayathri, V; Maekawa, T; Sakthikumar, D; Mohanan, PV
    The intriguing properties of graphene has paved way for many potential biomedical applications like drug delivery, tissue engineered scaffold, bio sensing and so on. Here, we report the interaction of Maura reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) with the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs), as there is a likelihood of graphene coming in contact with the blood through intentional or accidental exposure. MRGO was synthesized by reducing graphene oxide using Halomonas Maura and autoclaved subsequently to prevent microbial contamination. It was characterized by TEM, AFM and FITR. Initial cytotoxicity was conducted in L929 cells to get the dose response. Oxidative stress potential, effect on proliferative capacity, genotoxicity and induction of apoptosis in PBMNCs treated with MRGO were assessed. MRGO elicited a dose dependent ROS generation which promoted apoptosis in PBMNCs. Proliferation of these cells were also found to be hindered. However, MRGO did not induce genotoxicity and generation of reactive nitrogen species. In conclusion MRGO shows a dose dependent toxicity in cells, generating ROS, inducing apoptosis and affecting proliferation, which may be due to the loss of exopolysaccharide coating due to autoclaving. This study raises a serious concern regarding the in vivo biomedical application of MRGO, where IV and IP are the main routes of exposure. Further evaluation is required regarding the interaction of autoclaved MRGO with the blood cells.
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    Extremophilic polysaccharide nanoparticles for cancer nanotherapy and evaluation of antioxidant properties
    (International Journal of Biological Macromolecules., 2015-06) Sreejith, R; Vivekanandan, P; Yutaka, N; Takahiro, F; Seiki, I; Toshiaki, H; Toru, M; Yasushi, S; Mohanan, PV; Toru, Maekawa; Sakthikumar, D
    tPolysaccharides that show finest bioactivities and physicochemical properties are always promising forbionanoscience applications. Mauran is such a macromolecule extracted from halophilic bacterium,Halomonas maura for biotechnology and nanoscience applications. Antioxidant properties of MR/CHnanoparticles were studied using biochemical assays to prove the versatility of these test nanoparti-cles for biomedical applications. Here, we demonstrate the prospects of extremophilic polysaccharide,mauran based nanoparticles for scavenging reactive oxygen species in both in vitro and ex vivo conditions.5-fluorouracil loaded MR/CH nanoparticles were tested for anticancer proliferation and compared theirtherapeutic efficiency using breast adenocarcinoma and glioma cells. Fluorescently labeled nanoparticleswere employed to show the cellular uptake of these nanocarriers using confocal microscopic imaging andflow cytometry.