Browsing by Author "Syam, UK"
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Item Epileptiform activity in the electroencephalogram of 6-year-old children of women with epilepsy(ANNALS OF INDIAN ACADEMY OF NEUROLOGY, 2016) Syam, UK; Thomas, SVPurpose: To study the epileptiform discharges (EDs) in the electroencephalogram (EEG) of 6-8-year-old children of women with epilepsy (WWE). Materials and Methods: All children born to women with epilepsy and prospectively followed up through the Kerala Registry of Epilepsy and Pregnancy (KREP), aged 6-8 years, were invited (n = 532). Out of the 254 children who responded, clinical evaluations and a 30-min digital 18 channel EEG were completed in 185 children. Results: Of the 185 children examined, 37 (20%) children (19 males, 18 females) had ED in their EEG. The EDs were generalized in 7 children, and focal in 30 children. The EDs were present in the sleep record only of 16 (43%) children and in the awake record only of 6 (16%) children. Out of the 94 children for whom seizure history was available, 7 children (7.4%) had seizures (neonatal seizures: 4, febrile seizure: 1, and single nonfebrile seizure: 2) and none had history of epilepsy or recurrent nonfebrile seizures. The odds ratio (OR) for occurrence of ED in the EEG was significantly higher for children of WWE [OR = 3.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.3-6.0] when compared to the published data for age-matched children of mothers without epilepsy. There was no association between the occurrence of ED and the children's maternal characteristics [epilepsy syndrome, seizures during pregnancy, maternal intelligence quotient (IQ)] or the children's characteristics [antenatal exposure to specific antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), birth weight, malformations, IQ]. Conclusion: Children of WWE have a higher risk of epileptiform activity in their EEG when compared to healthy children in the community though none had recurrent seizures.Item Low seroprevalence of systemic cysticercosis among patients with epilepsy in Kerala - South India(JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND PUBLIC HEALTH, 2014) Cherian, A; Syam, UK; Sreevidya, D; Jayaraman, T; Oommen, A; Rajshekhar, V; Radhakrishnan, K; Thomas, SVPurpose: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is considered to be rare in Kerala state, India, although it is an important cause of epilepsy in many other parts of India. Our objective was to test this notion by determining the seroprevalence of cysticercosis (CC) in an unselected sample of persons with epilepsy and comparing it to that of persons without epilepsy living in Kerala. Methods: Individuals with active epilepsy (AE) who had never resided outside Kerala state for more than one month and were attending our center for epilepsy care constituted the cases. Sex-matched persons without epilepsy who had never resided outside Kerala state for more than one month constituted the controls. The demographic details, occupation, and food habits (for the cases and controls), as well as clinical characteristics and imaging (for cases only) were recorded. Sera separated from blood drawn by venipuncture from the cases and controls were assayed for cysticercal antibodies by enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (EITB). Results: Of the 80 persons with AE, 12 were seropositive for cysticercus antibodies (15%; 95% CI: 8.8-24.4); among the 68 controls, 7 were seropositive (10.3%; 95% CI: 5.1-19.8). The odds ratio (OR) for seropositivity in the epilepsy group (1.54) was not statistically significant (95% CI: 0.6-4.2). Among the 69 patients who had a brain computed tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), none had features diagnostic of NCC. Gender, diet (vegetarian vs non-vegetarian, consumption of raw vegetables), drinking water status (dean vs unclean), residence (rural vs urban), exposure to manure, and animal rearing including pigs did not have any association with seropositivity. Conclusion: Among the residents of Kerala, most epilepsy is not related to cysticercosis. (C) 2014 King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences. Published by Elsevier Ltd. AR rights reserved.Item Lower Incidence of Neurocysticercosis among Persons with Active Epilepsy in Kerala, South India - A Case-Control Study(NEUROLOGY, 2013) Syam, UK; Cherian, A; Thomas, S; Radhakrishnan, K; Rajashekhar, V; Oommen, AItem Pregnancy Outcome and Fetal Malformation Risk of Women with Epilepsy: Pregnancy Registry Based Experience from Kerala, India(BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY, 2011) Thomas, SV; Syam, UK; Asha, PT; Sucharitha, DJ; Sabarinathan, S; Sarma, PS