Browsing by Author "Vaikkath, D"

Now showing 1 - 8 of 8
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    A simple and effective method for making multipotent/multilineage scaffolds with hydrophilic nature without any postmodification/treatment
    (COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES, 2016) Vaikkath, D; Anitha, R; Sumathy, B; Nair, PD
    A number of biodegradable and bioresorbable materials, as well as scaffold designs, have been experimentally and/or clinically studied for tissue engineering of diverse tissue types. Cell material responses are strongly dependent on the properties of the scaffold material. In this study, scaffolds based on polycaprolactone (PCL) and PCL blended with a triblock copolymer, Polycaprolactone-polytetrahydrofuran-polycaprolactone (PCL-PTHF-PCL) at different ratios were fabricated by electrospinning. Blending and electrospinning of the triblock copolymer with PCL generated a super hydrophilic scaffold, the mechanical and biological properties of which varied with the concentration of the triblock copolymer. The hydrophilicity of the electrospun scaffolds was determined by measurement of water-air contact angle. Cellular response to the electrospun scaffolds was studied by seeding two types of cells, L929 fibroblast cell line and rat mesenchymal stem cells (RMSC). We observed that the super hydrophilicity of the material did not prevent cell adhesion, while the cell proliferation was low or negligible for scaffolds containing higher amount of PCL-PTHF-PCL. Chondrogenic differentiation of RMSC was found to be better on the PCL blend containing 10% (w/v) of PCL-PTHF-PCL than the bare PCL. Our studies indicate that the cellular response is dependent on the biomaterial composition and highlight the importance of tailoring the scaffold properties for applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Biomimetic fiber assembled gradient hydrogel to engineer glycosaminoglycan enriched and mineralized cartilage: An in vitro study
    (JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A, 2015) Mohan, N; Wilson, JJ; Joseph, D; Vaikkath, D; Nair, PD
    The study investigated the potential of electrospun fiber assembled hydrogel, with physical gradients of chondroitin sulfate (CS) and sol-gel-derived bioactive glass (BG), to engineer hyaline and mineralized cartilage in a single 3D system. Electrospun poly(caprolactone) (PCL) fibers incorporated with 0.1% w/w of CS (CSL) and 0.5% w/w of CS (CSH), 2.4% w/w of BG (BGL) and 12.5% w/w of BG (BGH) were fabricated. The CS showed a sustained release up to 3 days from CSL and 14 days from CSH fibers. Chondrocytes secreted hyaline like matrix with higher sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG), collagen type II and aggrecan on CSL and CSH fibers. Mineralization was observed on BGL and BGH fibers when incubated in simulated body fluid for 14 days. Chondrocytes cultured on these fibers secreted a mineralized matrix that consisted of sGAG, hypertrophic proteins, collagen type X, and osteocalcin. The CS and BG incorporated PCL fiber mats were assembled in an agarose-gelatin hydrogel to generate a 3D hybrid scaffold. The signals in the fibers diffused and generated continuous opposing gradients of CS (chondrogenic signal) and BG (mineralization) in the hydrogel. The chondrocytes were encapsulated in hybrid scaffolds; live dead assay at 48 h showed viable cells. Cells maintained their phenotype and secreted specific extracellular matrix (ECM) in response to signals within the hydrogel. Continuous opposing gradients of sGAG enriched and mineralized ECM were observed surrounding each cell clusters on gradient hydrogel after 14 days of culture in response to the physical gradients of raw materials CS and BG. A construct with gradient mineralization might accelerate integration to subchondral bone during in vivo regeneration. (c) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 103A: 3896-3906, 2015.
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    Enhanced encapsulation of chondrocytes within a chitosan/hyaluronic acid hydrogel: a new technique
    (Biotechnol. Lett., 2014-05) Ramesh, S; Rajagopal, K; Vaikkath, D; Nair, PD; Madhuri, V
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    Fabrication of a microvesicles-incorporated fibrous membrane for controlled delivery applications in tissue engineering
    (BIOFABRICATION, 2014) Nair, BP; Vaikkath, D; Mohan, DS; Nair, PD
    A scaffold, which can provide mechanical support for tissue regeneration and simultaneously release functionally active biomolecules are highly desirable for tissue engineering applications. Herein, we report the fabrication of a fibrous mesh of polycaprolactone (PCL) incorporating PCL-pluronic (F127) microvesicles through electrospinning, by exploiting the slow dissolution of PCL in glacial acetic acid (g-AA). Micro-vesicles 1-10 mu m in diameter were fabricated through a non-solubility driven spontaneous self-assembly and stabilization of F127 with low molecular weight PCL in tetrahydrofuran-water mixture. Time-dependent stability of the vesicles in g-AA was confirmed prior to the electrospinning. The electrospun membrane was found to be comprised of microvesicles entangled in a fibrous mesh of PCL with a fiber diameter ranging from 50-300 nm. Significant reduction in the release rate of rhodamine-B, an indicator dye from the electrospun membrane, when compared to that from the vesicle alone, evidences the surface coating of the vesicles with high molecular weight PCL during electrospinning. The vesicle incorporated membrane exhibited increased hydrophilicity when compared to the control PCL membrane, possibly due to surface unevenness and the hydrophilic F127. This enhanced surface hydrophilicity led to an increased cell viability of L929 cells on the membrane.
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    Fabrication of a microvesicles-incorporated fibrous membrane for controlled delivery applications in tissue engineering.
    (Biofabrication., 2014-10) Nair, BP; Vaikkath, D; Mohan, DS; Nair, PD
    A scaffold, which can provide mechanical support for tissue regeneration and simultaneously release functionally active biomolecules are highly desirable for tissue engineering applications. Herein, we report the fabrication of a fibrous mesh of polycaprolactone (PCL) incorporating PCL-pluronic (F127) microvesicles through electrospinning, by exploiting the slow dissolution of PCL in glacial acetic acid (g-AA). Micro-vesicles 1-10 μm in diameter were fabricated through a non-solubility driven spontaneous self-assembly and stabilization of F127 with low molecular weight PCL in tetrahydrofuran-water mixture. Time-dependent stability of the vesicles in g-AA was confirmed prior to the electrospinning. The electrospun membrane was found to be comprised of microvesicles entangled in a fibrous mesh of PCL with a fiber diameter ranging from 50-300 nm. Significant reduction in the release rate of rhodamine-B, an indicator dye from the electrospun membrane, when compared to that from the vesicle alone, evidences the surface coating of the vesicles with high molecular weight PCL during electrospinning. The vesicle incorporated membrane exhibited increased hydrophilicity when compared to the control PCL membrane, possibly due to surface unevenness and the hydrophilic F127. This enhanced surface hydrophilicity led to an increased cell viability of L929 cells on the membrane.
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    A new synthesis route to high surface area sol gel bioactive glass through alcohol washing: A preliminary study
    (Biomatter., 2013-07) Mukundan, LM; Nirmal, R; Vaikkath, D; Nair, PD
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    Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane-F68 Hybrid Vesicles for Folate Receptor Targeted Anti-Cancer Drug Delivery
    (LANGMUIR, 2014) Nair, BP; Vaikkath, D; Nair, PD
    Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (POSS)-F68 hybrid vesicles with an average diameter of 700 nm are produced using a stable solution of heterofunctional POSS having 3-aminopropyl and vinyl groups and pluronic F68 in ethanol-water mixture. Thermogram and zeta potential values evidence the spontaneous self-assembly of POSS into bilayers through H-bonding interaction between the aminopropyl groups, and the effective stabilization of the POSS-bilayers by amphiphilic F68 during solvent-evaporation to form the vesicles. The vesicles are noncytotoxic and dispersible in aqueous solvents through steric stabilization provided by the hydrophilic F68. A highly facile coinclusion method has been used for making doxorubicin and folic acid loaded vesicles. Doxorubicin loaded in the vesicles exhibits a controlled release profile in phosphate buffered saline. Confocal microscopic and flow cytometric studies on the endocytosis of the vesicles by HeLa and HOS cells prove that a noncovalent entrapment of excess folic acid in the vesicles through H-bonding is sufficient to enhance the uptake significantly. POSS-F68 vesicles in combination with folic acid and a chemotherapeutic can have potential for targeted intracellular anti-cancer drug delivery.