Browsing by Author "Venugopal, A"

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    Plasma level of cyclophilin A is increased in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and suggests presence of vascualr disease.
    (Cardiovascular Diabetology. 2014;13:, 2014-03) Ramachandran, S; Venugopal, A; Kutty, VR; Vinitha, A; Divya, G; Chitrasree, C; Mullassari, A; Pratapchandran, NS; Santosh, KR; Pillai, MR; Kartha, CC
    Aims/hypothesis Cyclophilin A, an immunophilin is secreted from human monocytes activated by high glucose. Given its role as an inflammatory mediator of vascular tissue damage associated with inflammation and oxidative stress, we examined plasma levels of cyclophilin A in normal healthy volunteers and patients with type 2 diabetes (DM), with or without coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods Study subjects comprised of 212 patients with DM and CAD,101 patients with diabetes, 122 patients with CAD and 121 normal healthy volunteers. Diabetes was assessed by HbA1c levels while coronary artery disease was established by a positive treadmill test and/or coronary angiography. Plasma cyclophilin A was measured using a cyclophilin A ELISA Kit. Relationship of plasma cyclophilin A levels with blood markers of type 2 diabetes, blood lipid levels and medication for diabetes and coronary artery disease were also explored. Results Plasma Cyclophilin levels were higher in diabetes patients with or without CAD compared to normal subjects (P < 0.001). Age, fasting blood sugar levels and HbA1C levels were positively associated with increased plasma cyclophilin. Patients using metformin had reduced levels of plasma cyclophilin (p < 0.001).Serum levels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides had no significant association with plasma cyclophilin levels. In patients with increased serum CRP levels, plasma cyclophilin A was also elevated (p = 0.016). Prevalence odds for DM, DM + CAD and CAD are higher in those with high cyclophilin values, compared to those with lower values, after adjusting for age and sex, indicating strong association of high cyclophilin values with diabetes and vascular disease. Conclusions/interpretations Our study demonstrates that patients with type 2 diabetes have higher circulating levels of cyclophilin A than the normal population. Plasma cyclophilin levels were increased in patients with diabetes and coronary artery disease suggesting a role of this protein in accelerating vascular disease in type 2 diabetes. Considering the evidence that Cyclophilin A is an inflammatory mediator in atherogenesis, the mechanistic role of cyclophilin A in diabetic vascular disease progression deserves detailed investigation.
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    Plasma level of cyclophilin A is increased in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and suggests presence of vascualr disease.
    (Cardiovascular Diabetology., 2014-03) Ramachandran, S; Venugopal, A; Kutty, VR; Vinitha, A; Divya, G; Chitrasree, C; Mullassari, A; Pratapchandran, NS; Santosh, KR; Pillai, MR; Kartha, CC
    Aims/hypothesis Cyclophilin A, an immunophilin is secreted from human monocytes activated by high glucose. Given its role as an inflammatory mediator of vascular tissue damage associated with inflammation and oxidative stress, we examined plasma levels of cyclophilin A in normal healthy volunteers and patients with type 2 diabetes (DM), with or without coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods Study subjects comprised of 212 patients with DM and CAD,101 patients with diabetes, 122 patients with CAD and 121 normal healthy volunteers. Diabetes was assessed by HbA1c levels while coronary artery disease was established by a positive treadmill test and/or coronary angiography. Plasma cyclophilin A was measured using a cyclophilin A ELISA Kit. Relationship of plasma cyclophilin A levels with blood markers of type 2 diabetes, blood lipid levels and medication for diabetes and coronary artery disease were also explored. Results Plasma Cyclophilin levels were higher in diabetes patients with or without CAD compared to normal subjects (P < 0.001). Age, fasting blood sugar levels and HbA1C levels were positively associated with increased plasma cyclophilin. Patients using metformin had reduced levels of plasma cyclophilin (p < 0.001).Serum levels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides had no significant association with plasma cyclophilin levels. In patients with increased serum CRP levels, plasma cyclophilin A was also elevated (p = 0.016). Prevalence odds for DM, DM + CAD and CAD are higher in those with high cyclophilin values, compared to those with lower values, after adjusting for age and sex, indicating strong association of high cyclophilin values with diabetes and vascular disease. Conclusions/interpretations Our study demonstrates that patients with type 2 diabetes have higher circulating levels of cyclophilin A than the normal population. Plasma cyclophilin levels were increased in patients with diabetes and coronary artery disease suggesting a role of this protein in accelerating vascular disease in type 2 diabetes. Considering the evidence that Cyclophilin A is an inflammatory mediator in atherogenesis, the mechanistic role of cyclophilin A in diabetic vascular disease progression deserves detailed investigation.
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    Plasma level of cyclophilin A is increased in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and suggests presence of vascular disease
    (CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY, 2014) Ramachandran, S; Venugopal, A; Kutty, VR; Vinitha, A; Divya, G; Chitrasree, V; Mullassari, A; Pratapchandran, NS; Santosh, KR; Pillai, MR; Kartha, CC
    Aims/hypothesis: Cyclophilin A, an immunophilin is secreted from human monocytes activated by high glucose. Given its role as an inflammatory mediator of vascular tissue damage associated with inflammation and oxidative stress, we examined plasma levels of cyclophilin A in normal healthy volunteers and patients with type 2 diabetes (DM), with or without coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: Study subjects comprised of 212 patients with DM and CAD, 101 patients with diabetes, 122 patients with CAD and 121 normal healthy volunteers. Diabetes was assessed by HbA1c levels while coronary artery disease was established by a positive treadmill test and/or coronary angiography. Plasma cyclophilin A was measured using a cyclophilin A ELISA Kit. Relationship of plasma cyclophilin A levels with blood markers of type 2 diabetes, blood lipid levels and medication for diabetes and coronary artery disease were also explored. Results: Plasma Cyclophilin levels were higher in diabetes patients with or without CAD compared to normal subjects (P < 0.001). Age, fasting blood sugar levels and HbA1C levels were positively associated with increased plasma cyclophilin. Patients using metformin had reduced levels of plasma cyclophilin (p < 0.001). Serum levels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides had no significant association with plasma cyclophilin levels. In patients with increased serum CRP levels, plasma cyclophilin A was also elevated (p = 0.016). Prevalence odds for DM, DM + CAD and CAD are higher in those with high cyclophilin values, compared to those with lower values, after adjusting for age and sex, indicating strong association of high cyclophilin values with diabetes and vascular disease. Conclusions/interpretations: Our study demonstrates that patients with type 2 diabetes have higher circulating levels of cyclophilin A than the normal population. Plasma cyclophilin levels were increased in patients with diabetes and coronary artery disease suggesting a role of this protein in accelerating vascular disease in type 2 diabetes. Considering the evidence that Cyclophilin A is an inflammatory mediator in atherogenesis, the mechanistic role of cyclophilin A in diabetic vascular disease progression deserves detailed investigation.
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    Prevalence of benign epileptiform variants observed in an EEG laboratory from South India
    (CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY, 1999)
    No study has investigated the prevalence and pattern of benign epileptiform variants (BEVs) in the electroencephalograph (EEG) of subjects from a developing nation. We addressed this issue by ascertaining the BEVs among subjects referred for EEG to a comprehensive epilepsy program in South India. We identified BEVs in 326 out of 1778 subjects (18.3%) who had both awake and sleep EEG recordings. The frequency distribution of individual BEVs were as follows: benign sporadic sleep spikes 8.2%, wicket waves 1%, 14 and 6 Hz positive spikes 5.7%, 6 Hz spike-waves 2.8% and rhythmic temporal theta burst of drowsiness 0.8%. We conclude that the prevalence rates of BEVs among South Indian subjects are not different from those reported from developed countries. We have highlighted the consequences of misinterpretation of BEVs as epileptiform, which is more likely to occur in Third World countries because of the non-availability of qualified technologists and electroencephalographers. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Prevalence of photoparoxysmal response among South Indian epilepsy patients
    (SEIZURE-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPILEPSY, 1998)
    The reported geographical variations in the prevalence of photoparoxysmal response (PPR) among epilepsy patients have been variously attributed to methodological problems such as patient selection, technique of intermittent photic stimulation (IPS) and definition of PPR, and environmental and racial factors. We determined the prevalence rate of PPR among South Indian epilepsy patients and compared it with the rates reported from elsewhere. Twenty of our 575 patients had a PPR, a prevalence ratio of 3.5%, which is in striking contrast to the 0.6% reported for North Indian epilepsy patients. Environmental and racial factors cannot explain the difference in the prevalence rates of PPR between South and North Indian epilepsy patients. We conclude that the demographic characteristics of the patient group, such as age and gender, the epilepsy type, sleep deprivation, technique of IPS and definition of PPR, greatly influence the prevalence rate of PPR.