Differential response of human cardiac stem cells and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to hypoxia-reoxygenation injury
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Date
2017-03
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Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
Abstract
Cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) and bone
marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are popularly
used in stem cell therapy for myocardial regeneration. The
cell type that survives and maintains stem cell characteristics
in the adverse microenvironment following ischemia–reperfusion
injury is presumed to be ideal for
transplantation. The study was therefore aimed at identifying
the cell type with relatively greater resistance to
ischemia–reperfusion injury. CDCs were isolated from the
right atrial appendage and MSCs from bone marrow of
patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
Ischemia–reperfusion injury was simulated in vitro
by subjecting the cells to hypoxia (0.5% O2) followed by
reintroduction of oxygen (HR injury). Greater resistance of
CDCs to HR injury was apparent from the decreased
expression of senescence markers and lower proportion of
apoptotic cells (one-sixth of that in MSCs). HR injury
retarded cell cycle progression in MSCs. Consequent to HR
injury, cell migration and secretion of stromal-derived
growth factor were stimulated, significantly in CDCs. The
differentiation to myocyte lineage and angiogenesis
assessed by tube formation ability was better for CDCs.
Release of vascular endothelial growth factor was relatively
more in CDCs and was further stimulated by HR
injury. Differentiation to osteogenic and angiogenic lineage
was stimulated by HR injury in MSCs. Compared to MSCs,
CDCs appear to be the cell of choice for promoting
myocardial regeneration by virtue of its survival capacity
in the event of ischemic insult along with higher proliferation
rate, migration efficiency, release of growth factors
with paracrine effects and differentiation to cardiac
lineage.
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Keywords
Mesenchymal stem cells Cardiac stem cells Cardiosphere derived cells Hypoxia reoxygenation injury Myocardial regeneration In
Citation
Deepthi RS, Jayakumar K, Nair RR. Differential response of human cardiac stem cells and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to hypoxia-reoxygenation injury. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry. 2017;425(1):139-153