Browsing by Author "Babu, SS"

Now showing 1 - 11 of 11
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    Cell interaction studies with novel Bioglass coated Hydroxyapatite porous blocks
    (Trends in Biomaterials & Artificial Organs., 2006) Nair, MB; Varma, HK; Kumary, TV; Babu, SS; John, A
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    Characterisation of novel bioactive glass coated hydroxyapatite granules in correlation with in vitro and in vivo studies
    (Trends in Biomaterials & Artificial Organs., 2006) Sandeep, G; Varma, HK; Kumary, TV; Babu, SS; John, A
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    In vitro characterisation of bone cell activity on triphasic ceramic composites from calcium silicate-tricalciumphosphate and hydroxyapatite
    (Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research., 2009) Bernhardt, A; Lode, A; Babu, SS; Vogel, A; Hanke, T; Thieme, S; Varma, H; Angela, R; Sen-Wolff; Gelinsky, M; John, A
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    In vitro evaluation of bioactive strontium-based ceramic with rabbit adipose-derived stem cells for bone tissue regeneration
    (JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN MEDICINE, 2013) Mohan, BG; Babu, SS; Varma, HK; John, A
    The development of bone replacement materials is an important objective in the field of orthopaedic surgery. Due to the drawbacks of treating bone defects with autografts, synthetic bone graft materials have become optional. So in this work, a bone tissue engineering approach with radiopaque bioactive strontium incorporated calcium phosphate was proposed for the preliminary cytocompatibility studies for bone substitutes. Accumulating evidence indicates that strontium containing biomaterials promote enhanced bone repair and radiopacity for easy imaging. Hence, strontium calcium phosphate (SrCaPO4) and hydroxyapatite scaffolds have been investigated for its ability to support and sustain the growth of rabbit adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (RADMSCs) in vitro. They were characterized via Micro-CT for pore size distribution. Cells used were isolated from New Zealand White rabbit adipose tissue, characterized by FACS and via differentiation into the osteogenic lineage by alkaline phosphatase, Masson's trichome, Alizarin Red and von Kossa staining on day 28. Material-cell interaction was observed by SEM imaging of cell morphology on contact with material. Live-Dead analysis was done by confocal laser scanning microscopy and cell cluster analysis via mu CT. The in vitro biodegradation, elution and nucleation of apatite formation of the material was evaluated using simulated body fluid and phosphate buffered saline in static regime up to 28 days at 37 A degrees C. These results demonstrated that SrCaPO4 is a good candidate for bone tissue engineering applications and with osteogenically-induced RADMSCs, they may serve as potential implants for the repair of critical-sized bone defects.
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    Osteogenesis of a bioactive ceramic calcium phospho silicate composite system in goat femur defect.
    (International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology., 2011) John, A; Mani, S; Sandeep, G; Babu, SS; Lal, AV; Varma, HK
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    Osteogenic efficacy of strontium hydroxyapatite micro-granules in osteoporotic rat model
    (JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS APPLICATIONS, 2016) Chandran, S; Babu, SS; Krishnan, VSH; Varma, HK; John, A
    Excessive demineralization in osteoporotic bones impairs its self-regeneration potential following a defect/fracture and is of great concern among the aged population. In this context, implants with inherent osteogenic ability loaded with therapeutic ions like Strontium (Sr2+) may bring forth promising outcomes. Micro-granular Strontium incorporated Hydroxyapatite scaffolds have been synthesized and invivo osteogenic efficacy was evaluated in a long-term osteoporosis-induced aged (LOA) rat model. Micro-granules with improved surface area are anticipated to resorb faster and together with the inherent bioactive properties of Hydroxyapatite with the leaching of Strontium ions from the scaffold, osteoporotic bone healing may be promoted. Long-term osteoporosis-induced aged rat model was chosen to extrapolate the results to clinical osteoporotic condition in the aged. Micro-granular 10% Strontium incorporated Hydroxyapatite synthesized by wet precipitation method exhibited increased invitro dissolution rate and inductively coupled plasma studies confirmed Strontium ion release of 0.01mM, proving its therapeutic potential for osteoporotic applications. Wistar rats were induced to long-term osteoporosis-induced aged model by ovariectomy along with a prolonged induction period of 10 months. Thereafter, osteogenic efficacy of Strontium incorporated Hydroxyapatite micro-granules was evaluated in femoral bone defects in the long-term osteoporosis-induced aged model. Post eight weeks of implantation invivo regeneration efficacy ratio was highest in the Strontium incorporated Hydroxyapatite implanted group (0.92 +/- 0.04) compared to sham and Hydroxyapatite implanted group. Micro CT evaluation further substantiated the improved osteointegration of Strontium incorporated Hydroxyapatite implants from the density histograms. Thus, the therapeutical potential of micro-granular Strontium incorporated Hydroxyapatite scaffolds becomes relevant, especially as bone void fillers in osteoporotic cases of tumor resection or trauma.
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    Short-term studies using ceramic scaffolds in lapine model for osteochondral defect amelioration
    (BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS, 2012) Fernandez, FB; Shenoy, S; Babu, SS; Varma, HK; John, A
    This study was undertaken to glean preliminary information on the role of triphasic ceramic coated hydroxyapatite (HASi) and biphasic (alpha-tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite based) calcium phosphate (BCP) for the development of osteochondral constructs. The proposed constructs were tested for performance in vitro with rabbit adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (RADMSCs) and further analysed in vivo in a lapine model for osteochondral defect amelioration. Desirable scaffolding architecture ensuring favourable conditions for cell attachment, nutrient exchange and neo-tissue organization was achieved by the synthesis of porous ceramic blocks and characterizations were carried out using x-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The cytocompatibility of the scaffold-cell combination product was evaluated using microscopy techniques that proved the scaffold to be non-cytotoxic and favourable for cell growth and proliferation. Short-term implantation studies were conducted with bare cylindrical HASi and BCP scaffolds, press fit deep into the bony bed of the median femoral condyles of the rabbit, which resulted in favourable specific in vivo response of de novo cartilage-like cells on the surface and sub-surface bony trabeculae. The generated pilot data will help to assess the severity of proposed procedures before embarking on scaled-up efforts.
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    Strontium Calcium Phosphate for the Repair of Leporine (Oryctolagus cuniculus) Ulna Segmental Defect
    (Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A., 2013) Mohan, BG; Shenoy, SJ; Babu, SS; Varma, HK; John, A
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    Strontium Hydroxyapatite scaffolds engineered with stem cells aid osteointegration and osteogenesis in osteoporotic sheep model.
    (Biointerfaces, 2018-02) Chandran, S; Shenoy, SJ; Babu, SS; Nair, RP; Varma, HK; John, A
    Osteoporotic fracture healing is an orthopaedic challenge due to excessive bone resorption and impaired osteogenesis. Majority of currenttreatment strategies focus on regulating bone resorption and the potential application of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) in promoting osteogenesis has not been explored much. Furthermore, the present study has put forth a novel approach, wherein the synergistic action of Strontium (Sr) and MSCs in a single implant may facilitate osteoporotic bone healing. Strontium Hydroxyapatite (SrHA) synthesized by wet precipitation was fabricated into tissue engineered Strontium incorporated Hydroxyapatite (cSrHA) using sheep adipose tissue derived MSCs (ADMSCs). Porosity, radiopacity and cytocompatibility of SrHA scaffolds were found appropriate for orthopaedic applications. cSrHA scaffolds exhibited an in vitro Alkaline Phosphatase activity of 20 mol pnp/30 min comparable to that of Hydroxyapatite (HA) – control scaffold, proving its osteogenic efficacy. Implantation studies in sheep osteoporotic model depicted enhanced osteogenic ability with mature lamellar bone formation in cSrHA implanted group, compared to bare HA, SrHA and tissue engineered HA implanted groups. Histomorphometry data substantiated improved osteogenesis on par with material resorption, as cSrHA implanted group exhibited highest regeneration ratio of 0.38 ± 0.05. Density histograms from micro CT further signified the enhanced osteointegrative ability of cSrHA implants. Results of the study depicted the therapeutic potential of cSrHA in osteoporotic bone healing and proposes the use of allogenic ADMSCs for fabricating “Off the Shelf Tissue Engineered Products”
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    Synthesis of calcium phosphate bioceramics by citrate gel pyrolysis method
    (CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL, 2005) Varma, HK; Babu, SS
    Hydroxyapatite granules have been prepared by the pyrolysis of an amorphous polymeric precursor compound containing calciumphosphate-nitrate-citrate species. The precursor phase on heating at around 550-650degreesC turned into crystalline phase. The thermogravimetrical analysis (TGA/DTA) study revealed that the decomposition and crystallization is completed below 650degreesC. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies conducted on the precursor phase heated at various temperatures showed that the carbonate substitution occurred in the phosphate moieties at lower temperatures of heating. The X-ray diffractometry (XRD) revealed that the hydroxyapatite formation is highly uniform with respect to apatite phase. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the product is highly porous. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd and Techna S.r.l. All rights reserved,
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    Transparent hydroxyapatite ceramics through gelcasting and low-temperature sintering
    (JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2002) Varma, H; Vijayan, SP; Babu, SS
    Transparent hydroxyapatite (HAP) was prepared by sintering gel-cast powder compacts at 1000degreesC for 2 h; the resultant HAP material was studied using X-ray diffractometry, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and microhardness measurement. Nanoscale HAP crystallites were prepared using a precipitation method that involved calcium nitrate and ammonium dihydrogen orthophosphate solutions; the preparation was conducted at a temperature of 0degreesC. The precipitate was gel-cast and sintered at 1000degreesC in the form of a transparent ceramic that had a uniform grain size of 250 mum. The maximum Vickers microhardness obtained for a sample sintered at 1000degreesC was 6.57 GPa. The sintering behavior of gel-cast samples prepared from high-temperature-precipitated HAP was compared with that of material prepared at 0degreesC.