Browsing by Author "Maekawa, T"

Now showing 1 - 7 of 7
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    Characterizing the biocompatibility and tumor-imaging capability of Cu2S nanocrystals in vivo
    (NANOSCALE, 2015) Poulose, AC; Veeranarayanan, S; Mohamed, MS; Sakamoto, Y; Hirosawa, N; Suzuki, Y; Zhang, MF; Yudasaka, M; Radhakrishnan, N; Maekawa, T; Mohanan, PV; Kumar, DS
    Multifunctional nanomaterial-based probes have had key impacts on high-resolution and high-sensitivity bioimaging and therapeutics. Typically, NIR-absorbing metal sulfide-based nanocrystals (NCs) are highly assuring due to their unique optical properties. Yet, their in vivo behavior remains undetermined, which in turn undermines their potential bioapplications. Herein, we have examined the application of PEGylated Cu2S NCs as tumor contrast optical nanoprobes as well as investigated the short-and long-term in vivo compatibility focusing on anti-oxidant defense mechanism, genetic material, immune system, and vital organs. The studies revealed an overall safe profile of the NCs with no apparent toxicity even at longer exposure periods. The acquired observations culminate into a set of primary safety data of this nano-material and the use of PEGylated Cu2S NCs as promising optical nanoprobes with immense futuristic bioapplications.
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    Characterizing the biocompatibility and tumorimaging capability of Cu2S nanocrystals in vivo
    (Nanoscale, 2015-09) Poulose, AC; Veeranarayanan, V; Mohamed, MS; Sakamoto, Y; Zhang, M; Yudasaka, M; Radhakrishnan, N; Maekawa, T; Mohanan, PV; Kumar, DS
    Multifunctional nanomaterial-based probes have had key impacts on high-resolution and high-sensitivity bioimaging and therapeutics. Typically, NIR-absorbing metal sulfide-based nanocrystals (NCs) are highly assuring due to their unique optical properties. Yet, their in vivo behavior remains undetermined, which in turn undermines their potential bioapplications. Herein, we have examined the application of PEGylated Cu2S NCs as tumor contrast optical nanoprobes as well as investigated the short- and long-term in vivo compatibility focusing on anti-oxidant defense mechanism, genetic material, immune system, and vital organs. The studies revealed an overall safe profile of the NCs with no apparent toxicity even at longer exposure periods. The acquired observations culminate into a set of primary safety data of this nanomaterial and the use of PEGylated Cu2S NCs as promising optical nanoprobes with immense futuristic bioapplications
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    Evaluation of Toxicity of Maura Reduced Graphene Oxide using In vitro Systems
    (J Nanomed Nanotechnol., 2014) Cherian, RS; Sreejith, R; Syama, S; Sruthi, S; Gayathri, V; Maekawa, T; Sakthikumar, D; Mohanan, PV
    The intriguing properties of graphene has paved way for many potential biomedical applications like drug delivery, tissue engineered scaffold, bio sensing and so on. Here, we report the interaction of Maura reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) with the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs), as there is a likelihood of graphene coming in contact with the blood through intentional or accidental exposure. MRGO was synthesized by reducing graphene oxide using Halomonas Maura and autoclaved subsequently to prevent microbial contamination. It was characterized by TEM, AFM and FITR. Initial cytotoxicity was conducted in L929 cells to get the dose response. Oxidative stress potential, effect on proliferative capacity, genotoxicity and induction of apoptosis in PBMNCs treated with MRGO were assessed. MRGO elicited a dose dependent ROS generation which promoted apoptosis in PBMNCs. Proliferation of these cells were also found to be hindered. However, MRGO did not induce genotoxicity and generation of reactive nitrogen species. In conclusion MRGO shows a dose dependent toxicity in cells, generating ROS, inducing apoptosis and affecting proliferation, which may be due to the loss of exopolysaccharide coating due to autoclaving. This study raises a serious concern regarding the in vivo biomedical application of MRGO, where IV and IP are the main routes of exposure. Further evaluation is required regarding the interaction of autoclaved MRGO with the blood cells.
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    In vitro evaluation of antioxidant defense mechanism and hemocompatibility of mauran
    (CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS, 2013) Raveendran, S; Palaninathan, V; Chauhan, N; Sakamoto, Y; Yoshida, Y; Maekawa, T; Mohanan, PV; Kumar, DS
    Mauran (MR), a highly polyanionic sulfated exopolysaccharide was extracted from moderately halophilic bacterium; Halomonas maura and characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Purified MR was evaluated for antioxidant defense mechanisms under in vitro conditions using L929, mouse fibroblast cell line and mice liver homogenate. It was demonstrated that MR could impart protective effect against oxidative stress in both cells and tissue up to a concentration of 500 mu g, which is found to be safe under laboratory conditions. Various enzymatic and non-enzymatic parameters of antioxidant mechanisms were evaluated and concluded that MR has the tendency to maintain a balance of antioxidative enzymes with in the test systems studied. Also, hemocompatibility assay performed revealed that MR has a lesser hemolytic index and exhibited a prolonged clotting time, which shows both antihemolytic, and antithrombogenic nature respectively. Furthermore, absorption studies performed using fluorescent-labeled MR confirmed that MR accumulated within the cell cytoplasm neither induced cellular lysis nor affected the cell integrity. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Nano-bio compatibility of PEGylated reduced graphene oxide on mesenchymal stem cells.
    (2D Materials, 2017-05) Syama, S; Aby, CP; Maekawa, T; Sakthikumar, D; Mohanan, PV
    Graphene, with its unique physico-chemical properties, has found widespread biomedical application. It is used as a carrier for drug or gene delivery, photothermal therapy, bioimaging, in antibacterial agents and for the development of biosensors. Besides this, graphene has the scope to be used for wound healing, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. In the present study, polyethylene-glycol-(PEG)ylated reduced graphene oxide (PrGO) was synthesized, characterized, and its interaction with mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) was studied. in vitro cytotoxicity and differentiation study showed PrGO neither induced toxicity nor impaired the differentiation potential of the stem cells. PrGO was effectively internalized by MSCs and distributed throughout the cytoplasm. None of the PrGO was seen in the nucleus. Although it seems to induce increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production inside the cell, no change in cell proliferation or cellular function was observed. Hence it is recommended that the synthesized PrGO is applicable for tissue engineering, and can also be used as a substrate platform for stem cell culture and differentiation.
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    Quantum Dot Tailored to Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes: A Multifunctional Hybrid Nanoconstruct for Cellular Imaging and Targeted Photothermal Therapy
    (Small., 2014-04) Nair Lakshmi, V; Nagaoka, Y; Maekawa, T; Sakthikumar, D; Jayasree, RS
    Hybrid nanomaterial based on quantum dots and SWCNTs is used for cellular imaging and photothermal therapy. Furthermore, the ligand conjugated hybrid system(FaQd@CNT) enables selective targeting in cancer cells. The imaging capability of quantum dots and the therapeutic potential of SWCNT are available in a single system with cancer targeting property. Heat generated by the system is found to be high enough to destroy cancer cells.
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    Toxicity of dextran stabilized fullerene C60 against C6 Glial cells
    (Brain Research Bulletin, 2020-01) Biby, TE; Prajitha, N; Ashtami, J; Sakthikumar, D; Maekawa, T; Mohanan, PV
    Elevated application potential of fullerene C60 paved the way to think on its adverse effect when it reaches to biological system and environment. Though fullerenes are insoluble in water, various strategies are employed to make it soluble. Method of solubilization with organic solvents, yield cytotoxic responses both in vitro and in vivo. In this study, dextran was used to stabilize C60 particle. Fourier transformed-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and transition electron microscopy (TEM) were used for characterization and it confirms effective surface stabilization and morphological characteristics. This was followed by various cytotoxicity studies to evaluate its bio-nano interactions. The results of the study suggest that the dextran stabilized C60 nanoparticles (Dex-C60) forms uniform suspension in water and was stable up to 72 h. The C6 glial cell-Dex-C60 interactions indicated that the Dex-C60 nanoparticles penetrate deeper into the cells and cause dose dependent toxic response. The result of the study recommended that Dex-C60 nanoparticles should undergo intensive risk assessment before biomedical applications and should take proper safety measure to avoid its entry to the environment.