Browsing by Author "Neelima, R"

Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
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    A retrospective study of primary cerebellar glioblastoma multiforme in adults
    (JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE, 2012) Gopalakrishnan, CV; Dhakoji, A; Nair, S; Menon, G; Neelima, R
    Primary cerebellar glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a rare tumour in adults that accounts for less than 1% of all patients with GBM. In view of their rarity, the pathogenesis and prognosis of cerebellar GBM are not yet completely understood. The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyse patients with primary cerebellar GBM treated in our institute over a period of 10 years. Data from the case records of five adult patients with cerebellar GBM was evaluated and their outcome was assessed. We observed local failure in patients who reported back with recurrence. The presence of brainstem infiltration was a significant factor influencing progression-free survival. The overall prognosis was worse than for patients with supratentorial GBM. In view of their rarity, a meta-analysis is required to assess the pathogenesis and prognostic factors affecting overall survival in patients with cerebellar GBM. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Advanced MRI in Rosai-Dorfman disease: Correlation with histopathology
    (JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY, 2011) Hingwala, D; Neelima, R; Kesavadas, C; Thomas, B; Kapilamoorthy, TR; Radhakrishnan, VV
    Rosai-Dorfman disease is an idiopathic benign lymphoproliferative disorder that can, on rare occasions, cause intracranial or intraspinal lesions with non-specific features on conventional imaging. For this reason, its diagnosis is based on the classical pathological findings of histiocyte proliferation and emperipolesis. In this case report, we describe the imaging features of Rosai-Dorfman disease as visualized by newer types of MRI sequences, such as diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) and perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI). In fact, combining the findings of conventional cross-sectional imaging with high fractional anisotropy (FA), a low apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), mild blooming on SWI and decreased perfusion can help to make the diagnosis of Rosai-Dorfman disease. These newer tools can also be used to clarify the pathology of Rosai-Dorfman disease. (C) 2010 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
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    Giant Cystic Craniovertebral Schwannoma Arising From C1 Dorsal Root Masquerading as a Fourth Ventricular Lesion
    (NEUROSURGERY QUARTERLY, 2011) Gopalakrishnan, CV; Baldawa, S; Neelima, R; Nair, S
    Schwannomas that are located at the craniovertebral junction frequently arise from spinal accessory nerve, hypoglossal nerve, and ventral root of C1 or C2. Their origin from dorsal root of C1 is extremely rare. These tumors frequently manifest with pyramidal signs, although rare presentations, such as subarachnoid and subdural bleeds have been reported. Raised intracranial pressure (ICP) occurring due to a giant craniovertebral schwannoma has not been reported to date. The authors report a unique case of a giant cystic craniovertebral schwannoma arising from dorsal root of C1 presenting with raised ICP symptoms, mimicking a fourth ventricular lesion on imaging. The tumor was completely excised by a midline suboccipital approach. This report also highlights the importance of C1 root schwannomas in the differential diagnosis of giant craniocervical junction tumors, especially in those presenting with raised ICP.
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    Glioblastoma multiforme with epithelial differentiation
    (NEUROLOGY INDIA, 2011) Neelima, R; Gopalakrishnan, CV; Thomas, B; Radhakrishnan, VV
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    Pediatric gliosarcoma of thalamus
    (NEUROLOGY INDIA, 2012) Neelima, R; Abraham, M; Kapilamoorthy, TR; Hingwala, DR; Radhakrishnan, VV
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    Protective Effect of Melatonin On Kainic acid Induced-Liver Damage And Immune Modulatory Cytokines
    (Immunome Res., 2014) Gayathri, V; Neelima, R; Mohanan, PV
    Liver toxicity occurs when liver develops inflammation due to exposure to several toxic substances. The study was aimed to assess the liver damage induced by kainic acid and subsequently protective role of exogenous melatonin against the liver toxicity. Interestingly, kainic acid caused severe liver damage as evident from deleterious alterations in liver histology, increased lipid peroxide levels, decrease in the activities of liver anti-oxidant enzymes, DNA damage (adduct formation and sequence alterations), increased expression of cytokines like monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, interleukin 6, interferon γ and decreased expression of interleukin 10. These changes were normalized by melatonin (0.5-1.0 mM, (in vitro) or 10–20 mg/kg, (in vivo)). The study included assessment of the expression of immune modulatory cytokine mediators using real time PCR in both in vitro and in vivo conditions in the mouse liver. DNA damage was also studied. Various oxidative stress parameters and liver histopathology was also evaluated. Melatonin’s anti-kainic acid toxicity could be brought about by counter acting the influence of kainic acid on the levels of the cytokines, immune reactions and free radical production. This work suggests that melatonin receptors present could be mediate the hepatoprotective actions of melatonin therapy.
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    Toxicokinetics and biodistribution of dextran stabilized iron oxide nanoparticles in rats
    (MATERIALS RESEARCH EXPRESS, 2015) Easo, SL; Neelima, R; Mohanan, PV
    Dextran stabilized iron oxide nanoparticles (DIONPs) synthesized and characterized for hyperthermia application were tested for toxicokinetics and biodistribution in order to analyze the prospect of safety and biocompatibility of these particles for advanced use. Rats were administered a single dose of DIONPs at a concentration of 10 mg kg(-1) by intravenous injection with a post-exposure period of 1, 7, 14 and 28 days. Liver, spleen, kidney, blood, urine and feces were examined for iron content by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. At 24 h, greater amounts of nanoparticles were deposited in liver and spleen. Maximum absorption of iron in blood occurred at day 7 and excess iron appeared to be eliminated by liver, seemingly via biliary excretion. Serum hematology and biochemistry analysis revealed an overall lack of systemic toxicity due to metabolism of DIONPs. Additionally, pathological changes associated with repeated exposure to DIONPs with a post exposure period of 28 days were also assessed. Although no significant pathological alterations were seen in spleen or kidney, slight morphological deviations from normal were observed in liver. Further progression in the analysis of biological response towards DIONPs will be determined in long-term studies in the presence of an alternating magnetic field in the context of hyperthermia application.
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    Toxicokinetics and biodistribution of dextran stabilized iron oxide nanoparticles in rats.
    (Mater. Res. Express., 2015-10) Easo, SL; Neelima, R; Mohanan, PV
    Dextran stabilized iron oxide nanoparticles (DIONPs) synthesized and characterized for hyperthermia application were tested for toxicokinetics and biodistribution in order to analyze the prospect of safety and biocompatibility of these particles for advanced use. Rats were administered a single dose of DIONPs at a concentration of 10 mg kg−1 by intravenous injection with a post-exposure period of 1, 7, 14 and 28 days. Liver, spleen, kidney, blood, urine and feces were examined for iron content by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. At 24 h, greater amounts of nanoparticles were deposited in liver and spleen. Maximum absorption of iron in blood occurred at day 7 and excess iron appeared to be eliminated by liver, seemingly via biliary excretion. Serum hematology and biochemistry analysis revealed an overall lack of systemic toxicity due to metabolism of DIONPs. Additionally, pathological changes associated with repeated exposure to DIONPs with a post exposure period of 28 days were also assessed. Although no significant pathological alterations were seen in spleen or kidney, slight morphological deviations from normal were observed in liver. Further progression in the analysis of biological response towards DIONPs will be determined in long-term studies in the presence of an alternating magnetic field in the context of hyperthermia application.
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    Tumefactive demyelinating lesions: A Clinicopathological correlative study
    (INDIAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY AND MICROBIOLOGY, 2012) Neelima, R; Krishnakumar, K; Nair, MD; Kesavadas, C; Hingwala, DR; Radhakrishnan, VV; Nair, SS
    Tumefactive demyelinating (TDL) lesions are focal zones of demyelination in the central nervous system and they often mimic the neuroimaging features of an intraxial neoplasm. In this report we describe the clinical, neuroimaging and neuropathological features of six cases of TDL. Only in two patients the neuroimaging features in MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scans were suggestive of TDL while in the other four cases a diagnosis of glioma was suggested. In order to establish a confirmatory diagnosis neuronavigation/stereotactic biopsy was undertaken and the diagnosis of TDL was established in all six cases at histopathology. Two out of six patients did not respond to the conventional corticosteroid therapy and they were treated with plasma exchange. It is being concluded that neuronavigation biopsy, though provide only a small amount of tissue, and is extremely useful in making the diagnosis of TDL.