Assessing the systemic toxicity in rabbits after sub acute exposure of known ocular irritant chemicals
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Date
2015-06
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Toxicological Research
Abstract
Eye is a highly vascularised organ. There are chances that a foreign substance can enter the systemic circulation
through the eye and cause oxidative stress and evoke immune response. Here the eyes of rabbits
were exposed, for a period of 7 days, to 5 known ocular irritants: Cetyl pyridinium chloride (CPC), sodium
salicylate (SS), imidazole (IMI), acetaminophen (ACT) and nicotinamide (NIC). The eyes were scored
according to the draize scoring. Blood collected from the treated rabbit were analyzed for haematological
and biochemical parameters. After sacrifice, histological analysis of the eye and analysis of pro-inflammatory
biomarkers (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-8 and TNF-α) in the cornea using ELISA was carried out. Spleen was
collected and the proliferation capacities of spleenocytes were analyzed. Liver and brain were collected
and assessed for oxidative stress. The eye irritation potential of the chemicals was evident from the redness
and swelling of the conjunctiva and cornea. Histopathological analysis and ELISA assay showed
signs of inflammation in the eye. However, the haematological and biochemical parameters showed no
change. Spleenocyte proliferations showed only slight alterations which were not significant. Also oxidative
stress in the brain and liver were negligible. In conclusion, chemicals which cause ocular irritation and
inflammation did not show any systemic side-effects in the present scenario
Description
Keywords
Ocular irritation, Systemic effect, Oxidative stress, Antioxidants, Draize test, Spleenocytes
Citation
Reshma S C, Sruthi S, Syama S, Gayathri V, Mohanan P V Assessing the systemic toxicity in rabbits after sub acute exposure of known ocular irritant chemicals. Toxicological Research. 2015;31(1):1-11.